Engineering

Study tests firefighter turnout gear with and without PFAS

Transitioning away from per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), which offer water- and oil-repelling properties on the outer shells of firefighter turnout gear, could bring potential performance tradeoffs, according to ...

Engineering

New study shows how heat can be used in computing

Physicists at Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg (MLU) and Central South University in China have demonstrated that, by combining specific materials, heat in technical devices can be used in computing. Their discovery ...

Business

The challenges hindering the adoption of heat pumps in the UK

A new report, led by UofG housing experts, exposes the intricate challenges hindering the adoption of heat pumps in the U.K. Only 55,000 installations are occurring yearly as of mid-2023, considerably behind the U.K. government's ...

Energy & Green Tech

Promising salt batteries for heat storage

Salt batteries can store summer heat to be used in winter, but which salt works best for the purpose? On 19 December, Lian Blijlevens will defend her Ph.D. thesis on her research into salt for heat storage at Radboud University.

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Heat

In physics and thermodynamics, heat is the process of energy transfer from one body or system to another due to a difference in temperature. In thermodynamics, the quantity TdS is used as a representative measure of the (inexact) heat differential δQ, which is the absolute temperature of an object multiplied by the differential quantity of a system's entropy measured at the boundary of the object.

A related term is thermal energy, loosely defined as the energy of a body that increases with its temperature. Heat is also loosely referred to as thermal energy, although many definitions require this thermal energy to actually be in the process of movement between one body and another to be technically called heat (otherwise, many sources prefer to continue to refer to the static quantity as "thermal energy"). Heat is also known as "Energy".

Energy transfer by heat can occur between objects by radiation, conduction and convection. Temperature is used as a measure of the internal energy or enthalpy, that is the level of elementary motion giving rise to heat transfer. Energy can only be transferred by heat between objects - or areas within an object - with different temperatures (as given by the zeroth law of thermodynamics). This transfer happens spontaneously only in the direction of the colder body (as per the second law of thermodynamics). The transfer of energy by heat from one object to another object with an equal or higher temperature can happen only with the aid of a heat pump, which does work.

This text uses material from Wikipedia, licensed under CC BY-SA